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1.
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi ; 32(2): 499-504, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38660858

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT) and fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) levels in elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and their prognostic impact. METHODS: The clinical data of 74 elderly MM patients diagnosed in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The optimal cut-off values for PNI, CONUT score and FAR were obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which were used for grouping patients. The correlation of above three indexes with clinical parameters such as sex, serum calcium (Ca), ß2-microglobulin (ß2-MG), serum creatinine (Cr) in elderly MM patients were analyzed. The survival rates of patients with different levels of each index were compared. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the impact of clinical indicators on the prognosis of patients were performed. RESULTS: The optimal cut-off values for PNI, CONUT score and FAR were 39.775, 3.5 and 0.175, respectively, according to which the patients were divided into high and low group. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in albumin level among different groups (all P < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in hemoglobin between high-PNI group and low-PNI group (P < 0.05), while in sex distribution between high-FAR and low-FAR group (P < 0.05). The survival rate of elderly MM patients with increased PNI, decreased CONUT score and FAR was higher (all P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that ß2-MG, Cr, PNI, CONUT score and FAR were independent prognostic factors for elderly MM patients. CONCLUSION: PNI, CONUT score and FAR are related to some clinical indicators of elderly MM patients, and have an impact on the prognosis.


Assuntos
Mieloma Múltiplo , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Albumina Sérica , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/sangue , Prognóstico , Idoso , Estudos Retrospectivos , Masculino , Albumina Sérica/análise , Feminino , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fibrinogênio/análise , Microglobulina beta-2/sangue , Creatinina/sangue
2.
Mol Genet Genomics ; 299(1): 47, 2024 Apr 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38649532

RESUMO

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia that is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of malignant PCs in the bone marrow. Due to immunotherapy, attention has returned to the immune system in MM, and it appears necessary to identify biomarkers in this area. In this study, we created a prognostic model for MM using immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs), with the advantage that it is not affected by technical bias. After retrieving microarray data of MM patients, bioinformatics analyses like COX regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to construct the signature. Then its prognostic value is assessed via time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis. We also used XCELL to examine the status of immune cell infiltration among MM patients. 6-IRGP signatures were developed and proved to predict MM prognosis with a P-value of 0.001 in the KM analysis. Moreover, the risk score was significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics and was an independent prognostic factor. Of note, the combination of age and ß2-microglobulin with risk score could improve the accuracy of determining patients' prognosis with the values of the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 in 5 years ROC curves. Our model was also associated with the distribution of immune cells. This novel signature, either alone or in combination with age and ß2-microglobulin, showed a good prognostic predictive value and might be used to guide the management of MM patients in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Medula Óssea , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Mieloma Múltiplo , Mieloma Múltiplo/genética , Mieloma Múltiplo/imunologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/mortalidade , Humanos , Feminino , Prognóstico , Masculino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Medula Óssea/patologia , Medula Óssea/imunologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Microglobulina beta-2/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Curva ROC , Transcriptoma/genética
3.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1285049, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38455061

RESUMO

Background: Downregulation of MHC class I expression and/or defects in the antigen presentation pathways are commonly reported in human cancers. Numerous studies previously have explored extensively the molecular mechanisms that underlie HLA-class I and Beta2-Microglobulin (B2M) downregulation. However, the techniques presently available to detect expression of MHC class I proteins lack the robustness, specificity and sensitivity needed for systematic integration and analysis in clinical trials. Furthermore, the dynamics of HLA-class I and B2M expression have not been comprehensively studied as a potential biomarker for immunotherapy. Methods: Using novel, validated, immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based methods for quantifying B2M and HLA-A in tumor samples from diverse cancer types, we have determined loss of B2M and HLA-A proteins in 336 archived, primary specimens and 329 biopsies from metastatic patients collected during Roche-sponsored Phase 1 clinical trials investigating novel immunotherapy candidates as monotherapy or in combination with CPI. Results: Up to 56% of cases with B2M or HLA-A loss were noted in the investigated tumor types. The frequency of loss was dependent on indication and stage of disease and revealed heterogeneous expression patterns across patients. B2M and HLA-A loss was increased in metastatic lesions compared to primary tumors, indicating selection of MHC class I low clones in metastatic and refractory tumor cells. High on-treatment B2M expression correlated with successful clinical outcome (RECIST), while high baseline B2M did not. A treatment-induced increase of B2M expression was noted in most of the patients with low B2M levels at baseline. The triple biomarker combination of B2M, CD8 and PDL1 strongly improved response prediction to cancer immunotherapy. Conclusion: Our results indicate that B2M and HLA-A loss occurs frequently in tumors and is reversed in most instances following immunotherapy which supports the conclusion that MHC class I loss is not the dominant resistance mechanism to CPI treatment. This investigation reveals a highly dynamic expression of HLA-A and B2M in tumors affected by indication, metastatic status, immunophenotype and immunotherapy treatment. Baseline expression levels of B2M on tumors may be of utility as a constituent of a biomarker panel used for selecting patients for immunotherapy clinical trials.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Microglobulina beta-2 , Humanos , Microglobulina beta-2/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/genética , Imunoterapia , Antígenos HLA-A
4.
Vet Microbiol ; 292: 110036, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38458048

RESUMO

Group A Rotavirus (RVA) is a major cause of diarrhea in infants and piglets. ß2-microglobulin (ß2 M), encoded by the B2M gene, serves as a crucial subunit of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. ß2 M is indispensable for the transport of MHC-I to the cell membrane. MHC-I, also known as swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLA-I) in pigs, presents viral antigens to the cell surface. In this study, RVA infection down-regulated ß2 M expression in both porcine intestinal epithelial cells-J2 (IPEC-J2) and MA-104 cells. RVA infection did not down-regulate the mRNA level of the B2M gene, indicating that the down-regulation of ß2 M occurred on the protein level. Mechanismly, RVA infection triggered ß2 M aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and enhanced the Lys48 (K48)-linked ubiquitination of ß2 M, leading to the degradation of ß2 M through ERAD-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, we found that RVA infection significantly impeded the level of SLA-I on the surface, and the overexpression of ß2 M could recover its expression. In this study, our study demonstrated that RVA infection degrades ß2 M via ERAD-proteasome pathway, consequently hampering SLA-I expression on the cell surface. This study would enhance the understanding of the mechanism of how RVA infection induces immune escape.


Assuntos
Infecções por Rotavirus , Doenças dos Suínos , Animais , Microglobulina beta-2/genética , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismo , Membrana Celular , Degradação Associada com o Retículo Endoplasmático , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/genética , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/genética , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/metabolismo , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/metabolismo
5.
J Clin Pharmacol ; 64(5): 626-633, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38323669

RESUMO

This study intended to investigate the impact of long-term tenofovir fumarate (TDF) antiviral regimen on renal function in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with low-risk of kidney injury. The observational study involving 100 HIV-infected patients without underlying diseases who achieved virological suppression and immunological recovery after sustained antiviral regimen of TDF+ lamivudine+ efavirenz (TLE) for 3.19 years. Renal function, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood and urine ß2 microglobulin, and other parameters, was assessed every 3 months over a period of 2.5 years. The eGFR showed a slight increasement from 116.0 at month 0 to 119.7 at month 30. Blood ß2 microglobulin increased from 2.02 mg/L at month 0 to 2.77 mg/L at month 30. Compared to month 0, the difference in blood ß2 microglobulin was statistically significant at month 6 and months 12-30 (P < .05). The incidence of proximal renal tubular dysfunction fluctuated from 2% at month 0 to 2.5% at month 30. The urine ß2 microglobulin fluctuated from 0.5 (0.3-1.1) to 0.8 (0.5-1.35) mg/L at months 18-30, which was higher than 0.41 (0.18-1.1) mg/L at month 0 (P < .05). The abnormal concentration proportion of urine ß2 microglobulin fluctuated from 72.7% to 81.3% at months 18-30, which was higher than the proportion of 57.0% at month 0. The abnormal proportion of blood ß2 microglobulin, urine ß2 microglobulin, and proximal renal tubular dysfunction were not correlated with eGFR (r1 = 0.119, r2 = -0.008, r3 = -0.165, P > .05). Long-term TDF antiviral regimen in low-risk of kidney injury HIV-infected patients may lead to damage in the proximal renal tubules and glomeruli. Blood and urine ß2 microglobulin levels may be helpful in screening for renal dysfunction.


Assuntos
Alcinos , Fármacos Anti-HIV , Ciclopropanos , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Infecções por HIV , Tenofovir , Microglobulina beta-2 , Humanos , Tenofovir/efeitos adversos , Tenofovir/administração & dosagem , Tenofovir/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Feminino , Microglobulina beta-2/urina , Microglobulina beta-2/sangue , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzoxazinas/efeitos adversos , Benzoxazinas/administração & dosagem , Benzoxazinas/uso terapêutico , Lamivudina/efeitos adversos , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/fisiopatologia
6.
Blood Purif ; 53(4): 306-315, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38228100

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Accumulation of ß2-microglobulin (B2M) in dialysis patients contributes to several comorbidities of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The LIXELLE® device adsorbs B2M from blood using sorbent bead technology. Studies in Japan showed that LIXELLE treatment during hemodialysis (HD) at blood flow rates up to 250 mL/min removes B2M above HD alone and is well tolerated. We investigated tolerance for LIXELLE treatment during HD at higher HD blood flow rates standard in the USA. METHODS: A prospective, open-label, non-randomized, single-arm, early-feasibility study (EFS) assessed tolerance and safety of LIXELLE treatment during HD at blood flow rates up to 450 mL/min. ESKD patients (40-75 years old) on thrice weekly outpatient HD were eligible. After a 1-week HD run-in, patients received LIXELLE plus HD at a blood flow rate of 250 mL/min (1 week), followed by LIXELLE plus HD at a blood flow rate up to 450 mL/min (1 week). These blood flow rates were tested with three LIXELLE column sizes in sequence (treatment = 6 weeks). B2M removal was assessed for each combination. RESULTS: Ten patients with a historic intradialytic hypotension (IDH) rate of 0.42 events/HD session/patient were enrolled. Nine patients completed all combinations without IDH events (treatment IDH rate: 0.56 events/HD session/patient). No treatment-emergent serious adverse events or significant changes in red blood cell, platelet, or complement indices except haptoglobin were reported. B2M reduction ratios and removal of select proteins (<40 kDa) increased with escalating column size and blood flow rate. CONCLUSION: LIXELLE plus HD across all column sizes was safe and well tolerated at blood flow rates up to 450 mL/min. Extent of B2M removal corresponded to column size-blood flow rate combinations. This EFS provides a risk profile to guide further studies of LIXELLE in ESKD patients at US-standard blood flow rates.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica , Diálise Renal , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estudos Prospectivos , Adsorção , Microglobulina beta-2 , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia
7.
Clin Exp Nephrol ; 28(1): 50-57, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37676464

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The importance of the ratio of creatinine to urinary protein, albumin, and low-molecular weight protein as a urinary marker in chronic kidney disease patients is widely recognized. However, no reference values have hitherto been established for these markers in Japanese children. The present study aimed to establish the reference values for these urinary markers in Japanese children. METHODS: The first morning urine was randomly collected from 1712 pupils aged ≥ 3 to < 18 years during school and kindergarten mass urinary screenings. The upper limit of the reference values was set at the 97.5th percentile of the creatinine ratio per marker. RESULTS: The urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), urinary beta 2-microglobulin-to-creatinine ratio (BMCR), and urinary alpha 1-microglobulin-to-creatinine ratio (AMCR) showed an age-related decrease at the 50th percentile reflecting an age-related increase in urinary creatinine. The appropriate reference value for the PCR and ACR was 0.12 g/gCr and 35 mg/gCr, respectively, in the entire cohort. The appropriate reference value for the BMCR was 0.5 µg /mgCr for age ≥ 3 to < 6 years and 0.35 µg/mgCr for age 6 years or older. The appropriate reference value for the AMCR was 5.0 µg/mgCr for age ≥ 3 to < 6 years and 3.5 µg /mgCr for age 6 years or older. CONCLUSION: The present study was the first to determine appropriate reference values for the PCR, ACR, BMCR, and AMCR based on an analysis of the first morning urine samples of a large number of children.


Assuntos
Albuminúria , Microglobulina beta-2 , Criança , Humanos , Creatinina/urina , Albuminúria/diagnóstico , Albuminúria/urina , Valores de Referência , Japão , Albuminas
8.
Blood Purif ; 53(2): 123-129, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37939684

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The removal of low- and medium-molecular-weight proteins has been improved with online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) and hemodialysis using high-flux membranes; however, the outcomes of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) undergoing dialysis treatment are still worse than in the general population. α1-Microglobulin (α1-m), with a molecular weight of 33,000 Da, may contribute to dialysis-related disorders and mortality. However, the removal is insufficient even with current OL-HDF using the polysulfone (PS) membrane, which is common in Japan. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membranes can remove medium- to high-molecular-weight proteins by adsorption. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of removing medium- to high-molecular-weight proteins, such as α1-m and ß2-microglobulin (ß2-m), through post-dilution OL-HDF with PMMA (Post-PMMA). The assessment was conducted in comparison to pre-dilution OL-HDF with PS (Pre-PS), using an open-label, single-arm study. METHODS: Seven patients with ESKD on Pre-PS underwent Post-PMMA with replacement volume of 30 mL/min (low flow) and 50 mL/min (high flow). Clearance and removal rates of α1-m, ß2-m, small molecules, inflammatory cytokines, and albumin were measured at 60 and 240 min of treatment. RESULTS: Clearance rates of α1-m at 60 min were -2.8 ± 5.2 mL/min with Pre-PS, -0.4 ± 2.6 mL/min with Post-PMMA (low), and 0.6 ± 3.4 mL/min with Post-PMMA (high). The removal rate of α1-m was higher in Post-PMMA than that in Pre-HDF-PS (Post-PMMA [high] 17.7 ± 5.9%, Post-PMMA [low] 15.0 ± 5.6%, and Pre-PS 4.1 ± 5.5%). Adsorption clearance of ß2-m was increased with Post-PMMA. Albumin leakage in Post-PMMA was not higher than that in Pre-PS. CONCLUSION: The removal rate of α1-m with Post-PMMA was higher than that with Pre-PS. The PMMA membrane adsorbed ß2-m, suggesting the removal effect of medium- to high-molecular-weight proteins by the adsorption method. Since Post-PMMA effectively removes α1-m without excessive albumin leakage, it will be useful for patients with ESKD, especially those with a poor nutritional status.


Assuntos
Hemodiafiltração , Falência Renal Crônica , Polímeros , Sulfonas , Humanos , Hemodiafiltração/métodos , Polimetil Metacrilato , Microglobulina beta-2 , Estudos Prospectivos , Diálise Renal/métodos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Albuminas
9.
Stem Cells Transl Med ; 13(1): 69-82, 2024 Jan 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37843402

RESUMO

Immune evasive induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived kidney organoids, known as "stealth" organoids, hold promise for clinical transplantation. To address immune rejection, we investigated the impact of genetically modifying human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I in kidney organoids prior to transplantation. By using CRISPR-Cas9, we successfully knocked out beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), resulting in iPSCs devoid of HLA class I surface expression. In vitro, the B2M knockout protected kidney organoids derived from these iPSCs against T-cell rejection. To assess in vivo protection, unmodified (control) and B2M-/- kidney organoids were transplanted into humanized mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Successful engraftment of human PBMCs was confirmed, and after 4 weeks, we observed no discernible difference in the infiltration rate, proliferation, or cytotoxicity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between control and B2M-/- organoids. Both groups of organoids showed compromised tissue integrity, displaying tubulitis and loss of tubule integrity. Notably, while B2M-/- organoids failed to express HLA class I on their cell surface, there was preexisting expression of HLA class II in both control and B2M-/- organoids transplanted into mice with human PBMCs. HLA class II expression was not limited to antigen-presenting cells but also evident in epithelial cells of the kidney organoid, posing an additional immunological challenge to its transplantation. Consequently, we conclude that B2M knockout alone is insufficient to protect iPSC-derived kidney organoids from T-cell-mediated immune rejection. Additionally, our findings suggest that modulating HLA class II signaling will be necessary to prevent rejection following transplantation.


Assuntos
Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Antígenos HLA/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/metabolismo , Rim , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Camundongos Knockout , Organoides , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismo
10.
J Mol Biol ; 435(22): 168285, 2023 11 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37741548

RESUMO

Amyloid formation due to protein misfolding has gained significant attention due to its association with neurodegenerative diseases. α-Synuclein (α-syn) is one such protein that undergoes a profound conformational switch to form higher order cross-ß-sheet structures, resulting in amyloid formation, which is linked to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). The present status of research on α-syn aggregation and PD reveals that the disease progression may be linked with many other diseases, such as kidney-related disorders. Unraveling the link between PD and non-neurological diseases may help in early detection and a better understanding of PD progression. Herein, we investigated the modulation of α-syn in the presence of ß2-microglobulin (ß2m), a structural protein associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis. We took a multi-disciplinary approach to establish that ß2m mitigates amyloid formation by α-syn. Our fluorescence, microscopy and toxicity data demonstrated that sub-stoichiometric ratio of ß2m drives α-syn into off-pathway non-toxic aggregates incompetent of transforming into amyloids. Using AlphaFold2 and all-atom MD simulation, we showed that the ß-strand segments (ß1 and ß2) of α-synuclein, which frequently engage in interactions within amyloid fibrils, interact with the last ß-strand at the C-terminal of ß2m. The outcome of this study will unravel the yet unknown potential linkage of PD with kidney-related disorders. Insights from the cross-talk between two amyloidogenic proteins will lead to early diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches for treating Parkinson's disease. Finally, disruption of the nucleation process of α-syn amyloids by targeting the ß1-ß2 region will constitute a potential therapeutic approach for inhibiting amyloid formation.


Assuntos
Amiloide , Doença de Parkinson , Agregados Proteicos , alfa-Sinucleína , Microglobulina beta-2 , Humanos , alfa-Sinucleína/química , Amiloide/química , Proteínas Amiloidogênicas , Doença de Parkinson/metabolismo , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Microglobulina beta-2/química , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Proteica
11.
J Phys Chem B ; 127(31): 6887-6895, 2023 08 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37527428

RESUMO

Conformational dynamics in proteins can give rise to aggregation prone states during folding, and these kinetically stable states could form oligomers and aggregates. In this study, we investigate the intermediate states and near-folded states of ß2-microglobulin and their physico-chemical properties using molecular dynamics and Markov state modeling. Analysis of hundreds of microseconds simulation show the importance of the edge strands in the misfolded states that give rise to a high exposure of hydrophobic residues in the core of the protein that could initiate oligomerization and aggregate formation. Our study sheds light on the first step of aggregation of ß2m monomers and gave a better picture of the landscape of protein misfolding and aggregation.


Assuntos
Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Microglobulina beta-2 , Microglobulina beta-2/química , Conformação Molecular , Amiloide/química , Dobramento de Proteína
12.
Arch Esp Urol ; 76(5): 335-340, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37545152

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the predictive value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and ß2 microglobulin (ß2-MG) in blood and urine amongst patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS: The clinical data of 80 patients with AP, who were treated in the study hospital from November 2019, to November 2022, were selected for retrospective analysis. They were divided into AKI group (n = 25) and non-AKI group (n = 55) in accordance with the presence of AKI. The levels of serum NGAL and ß2-MG in blood and urine were compared in both groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of AKI in patients with AP and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of serum NGAL and ß2-MG in the blood and urine of patients with AKI and AP. RESULTS: The AKI group had higher serum NGAL and ß2-MG in blood and urine than the non-AKI group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the high levels of serum NGAL and ß2-MG in blood and urine were risk factors for AKI in patients with AP (p < 0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of the combined prediction were 0.97, 84.00% and 98.20%, respectively, showing a good prediction efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: The increased levels of serum NGAL and ß2-MG in blood and urine have a warning significance for patients with AP and AKI and a certain predictive value. So, their combination detection provides a reliable reference for the identification of clinical AKI.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , Lipocalina-2 , Pancreatite , Microglobulina beta-2 , Humanos , Doença Aguda , Injúria Renal Aguda/complicações , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/urina , Lipocalina-2/sangue , Lipocalina-2/urina , Pancreatite/complicações , Pancreatite/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Microglobulina beta-2/sangue , Microglobulina beta-2/urina
13.
Biomolecules ; 13(7)2023 07 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37509158

RESUMO

Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) is an immune system protein that is found on the surface of all nucleated human cells. B2M is naturally shed from cell surfaces into the plasma, followed by renal excretion. In patients with impaired renal function, B2M will accumulate in organs and tissues leading to significantly reduced life expectancy and quality of life. While current hemodialysis methods have been successful in managing electrolyte as well as small and large molecule disturbances arising in chronic renal failure, they have shown only modest success in managing plasma levels of B2M and similar sized proteins, while sparing important proteins such as albumin. We describe a systematic protein design effort aimed at adding the ability to selectively remove specific, undesired waste proteins such as B2M from the plasma of chronic renal failure patients. A novel nanoparticle built using a tetrahedral protein assembly as a scaffold that presents 12 copies of a B2M-binding nanobody is described. The designed nanoparticle binds specifically to B2M through protein-protein interactions with nanomolar binding affinity (~4.2 nM). Notably, binding to the nanoparticle increases the effective size of B2M by over 50-fold, offering a potential selective avenue for separation based on size. We present data to support the potential utility of such a nanoparticle for removing B2M from plasma by either size-based filtration or by polyvalent binding to a stationary matrix under blood flow conditions. Such applications could address current shortcomings in the management of problematic mid-sized proteins in chronic renal failure patients.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismo , Microglobulina beta-2/farmacologia , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico
14.
J Appl Toxicol ; 43(12): 1849-1858, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37460094

RESUMO

This study aimed to clarify the cause-effect relationship between renal tubular damage and non-cancer mortality in the general Japanese population. We conducted a 19-year cohort study including 1110 men and 1,03 women who lived in three cadmium-non-polluted areas in 1993 or 1994. Mortality risk ratios based on urinary ß2-microglobulin (ß2MG) and N-acetyl-ß-glucosaminidase (NAG) concentrations were estimated for specific non-cancer diseases using the Fine and Gray competing risks regression model. In men, continuous urinary NAG (+1 µg/g cre) concentrations were significantly correlated with increased mortality caused by diseases of the respiratory system (hazard ratio (HR): 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.15). Urinary ß2MG (+100 µg/g cre) concentrations were significantly correlated with increased mortalities caused by kidney and urinary tract diseases (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.03), renal diseases (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.03), renal failure (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.03), and external causes of mortality (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02). In women, urinary NAG (+1 µg/g cre) concentrations were significantly associated with increased mortality caused by ischemic heart diseases (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04) and kidney and urinary tract diseases (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04). Urinary ß2MG (+100 µg/g cre) concentrations were significantly correlated with increased mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases (HR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), ischemic heart diseases (HR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), and kidney and urinary tract diseases (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03). The present study indicates that renal tubular damage was significantly related to several non-cancer disease causes of mortality in Japan's general population living in cadmium-non-polluted areas.


Assuntos
Nefropatias , Isquemia Miocárdica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Acetilglucosaminidase/urina , Microglobulina beta-2/urina , Cádmio/toxicidade , Cádmio/urina , Estudos de Coortes , População do Leste Asiático , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/mortalidade , Nefropatias/urina , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidade
15.
Blood Purif ; 52(7-8): 712-720, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37473747

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) is expected to provide enhanced permeability of medium-sized molecules, selective solute retention, and better internal retrofiltration. The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficiency for removal of ß2-microglobulin with 3 different extracorporeal therapies (ETs): high-flux hemodialysis (HF), online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF), and HDx. The secondary objective was to evaluate the efficiency of removal of other uremic toxins, including urea, phosphate, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-⍺, indoxyl sulfate, and p-cresol. METHODS: This single-center, randomized, and cross-over study was performed. Patients were randomized to determine the initial modality of treatment, each period lasted 4 weeks and between one modality and another, there was a washout period of 1 week. Reduction ratios (RRs) of different-size molecules and albumin were calculated for the different ET. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were included, ß2-microglobulin RR was greater during both OL-HDF and HDx as compared to HF (RR 62% vs. 73% vs. 27%, respectively, p = <0.0001), and there was no significant difference between HDx and OL-HDF (p = 0.09). A decrease in serum phosphate levels was observed in the HDx and OL-HDF periods, contrary to an increase in HF (-0.79 mg/dL vs. -1.02 mg/dL vs. + 0.11 mg/dL, respectively, p = <0.0001). There was no difference in RRs of other molecules (BUN, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-⍺, indoxyl sulfate, and p-Cresol). There was no decrease in serum albumin in any ET. CONCLUSION: HDx provides enhanced removal of ß2-microglobulin and phosphate as compared to HF, and similar efficacy as with OL-HDF. HDx should be considered an alternative to chronic convective therapies.


Assuntos
Hemodiafiltração , Falência Renal Crônica , Humanos , Estudos Cross-Over , Interleucina-10 , Indicã , Interleucina-6 , Microglobulina beta-2 , Estudos Prospectivos , Diálise Renal , Albumina Sérica , Fósforo , Fosfatos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia
16.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(5): 335-340, 28 jul. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-223920

RESUMO

Objective: This study aimed to explore the predictive value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) in blood and urine amongst patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with AP, who were treated in the study hospital from November 2019, to November 2022, were selected for retrospective analysis. They were divided into AKI group (n = 25) and non-AKI group (n = 55) in accordance with the presence of AKI. The levels of serum NGAL and β2-MG in blood and urine were compared in both groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of AKI in patients with AP and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of serum NGAL and β2-MG in the blood and urine of patients with AKI and AP. Results: The AKI group had higher serum NGAL and β2-MG in blood and urine than the non-AKI group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the high levels of serum NGAL and β2-MG in blood and urine were risk factors for AKI in patients with AP (p < 0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of the combined prediction were 0.97, 84.00% and 98.20%, respectively, showing a good prediction efficiency. Conclusions: The increased levels of serum NGAL and β2-MG in blood and urine have a warning significance for patients with AP and AKI and a certain predictive value. So, their combination detection provides a reliable reference for the identification of clinical AKI (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Injúria Renal Aguda/sangue , Injúria Renal Aguda/urina , Pancreatite/sangue , Pancreatite/urina , Lipocalina-2/sangue , Lipocalina-2/urina , Microglobulina beta-2/sangue , Microglobulina beta-2/urina , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/urina , Doença Aguda
17.
BMC Nephrol ; 24(1): 170, 2023 06 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37312042

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The association between serum ß2-microglobulin (ß2M) levels and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is inconclusive. Furthermore, no study has been performed in China on the significance of serum ß2M levels in MHD patients. Therefore, this study investigated the aforementioned association in MHD patients. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 521 MHD patients were followed at Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian University of Technology from December 2019 to December 2021. The serum ß2M levels were categorized into three tertiles, and the lowest tertile served as the reference group. Survival curves were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models. Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding patients with CVD at baseline. RESULTS: During the follow-up period of 21.4 ± 6.3 months, there were 106 all-cause deaths, of which 68 were caused by CVD. When excluding CVD patients at baseline, there were 66 incident CVEs. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in the highest tertile of serum ß2M levels was significantly higher than that in the lowest tertile (P < 0.05), but not for the CVEs (P > 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, serum ß2M levels were positively associated with the risk of all-cause (HR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.21-4.17) and CVD (HR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.19-5.43) mortality, and a linear trend was evident (P < 0.05). Besides, the results of sensitivity analysis were consistent with the main findings. However, we didn't observed the significant association between serum ß2M levels and CVEs (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The serum ß2M level may be a significant predictor of the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in MHD patients. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Microglobulina beta-2 , Humanos , Povo Asiático , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , População do Leste Asiático , Estudos Prospectivos , Diálise Renal/mortalidade , Microglobulina beta-2/sangue
18.
Intern Med ; 62(24): 3669-3677, 2023 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37164661

RESUMO

A 74-year-old woman with a 34-year history of hemodialysis presented with an intermittent fever, which later coincided with recurrent bilateral shoulder and hip joint pain. Imaging studies suggested amyloid arthropathy, which was histologically confirmed by a synovial biopsy. Increasing ß2-microglobulin clearance during dialysis alone attenuated the intermittent fever and joint pain, but the symptoms did not disappear until the administration of prednisolone 10 mg/day. Reported cases of dialysis-related amyloidosis with a fever imply that changing to blood purification methods with high ß2-microglobulin clearance is crucial for controlling the condition long-term, whereas concurrent use of anti-inflammatory agents promptly alleviates the symptoms.


Assuntos
Amiloidose , Febre de Causa Desconhecida , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso , Diálise Renal , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/etiologia , Amiloidose/complicações , Amiloidose/diagnóstico , Artralgia , Microglobulina beta-2
19.
PeerJ ; 11: e15372, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37193029

RESUMO

Objective: Recent studies have suggested that high levels of ß2-microglobulin are linked to cognitive deterioration; however, it is unclear how this connects to spinal cord injury (SCI). This study sought to determine whether there was any association between cognitive decline and serum ß2-microglobulin levels in patients with SCI. Methods: A total of 96 patients with SCI and 56 healthy volunteers were enrolled as study participants. At the time of enrollment, specific baseline data including age, gender, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), smoking, and alcohol use were recorded. Each participant was assessed by a qualified physician using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale. Serum ß2-microglobulin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reagent for ß2-microglobulin. Results: A total of 152 participants were enrolled, with 56 in the control group and 96 in the SCI group. There were no significant baseline data differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). The control group had a MoCA score of 27.4 ± 1.1 and the SCI group had a score of 24.3 ± 1.5, with the difference being significant (p < 0.05). The serum ELISA results revealed that the levels of ß2-microglobulin in the SCI group were considerably higher (p < 0.05) than those in the control group (2.08 ± 0.17 g/mL compared to 1.57 ± 0.11 g/mL). The serum ß2-microglobulin level was used to categorize the patients with SCI into four groups. As serum ß2-microglobulin levels increased, the MoCA score reduced (p < 0.05). After adjustment of baseline data, further regression analysis showed that serum ß2-microglobulin level remained an independent risk factor for post-SCI cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Patients with SCI had higher serum levels of ß2-microglobulin, which may be a biomarker for cognitive decline following SCI.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Humanos , Microglobulina beta-2/análise , Biomarcadores , Pressão Sanguínea , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações
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